Suchergebnisse

Research on the complexity of human nature and crime has always captured the attention of the entire social community, constantly grappling with these challenges. Numerous scientific studies have dealt with the origins of criminal behavior and the explanation of crime. Since the beginning of the 19th century, broad scientific perspectives have ranged from considering crime as an inevitable derivative of general poverty, unemployment, and poor parenting and/or as a symptom of individual psychological deficits, to the standpoint that crime is attributed to social conditions. Today, the origins of criminal behavior are considered in the context of biological factors, learning and situational factors, and primarily developmental risk factors (risk factors of the social environment, risk factors associated with parents and family, psychological risk factors), which are the focus of this work. This paper aims to examine the implications of the complex interactions of these developmental factors and their role in the origin of criminal behavior.

Human trafficking is not a sporadic phenomenon that has consequences for a limited number of people, but a phenomenon with deep social and economic implications, bearing in mind the tendency to benefit from globalization and the use of new technologies. It is spread on every continent and every region of the world with the intention of permanent growth. Although it affects all ages and both sexes, it is dominant about women and girls as victims of human trafficking for sexual exploitation. The forms of exploitation are diverse and all involve the violent exploitation and abuse of human beings and their rights. The causes of this phenomenon are numerous and complex because our everyday life is full of numerous contradictions, conditioned by our existence in a specific global crisis of morality. One of the side effects of this crisis is the ubiquitous alienation of man from man. Therefore, this paper focuses on the importance of profiling human traffickers, their characteristics and modus operandi in the process of recruitment, and the mechanisms they use to control victims. It is one of the ways of reacting to make human trafficking more visible, as part of preventive programs before the belated manifestation. Methods were applied: quantitative and qualitative content analysis, comparative analysis (reaction to human trafficking), and descriptive and analytical statistics. The creative goal is to recognize human trafficking as a crime against humanity that requires an effective response from society.

Nasilje je kompleksan društveni fenomen koji uključuje širok spektar pojavnih oblika. Ovaj fenomen, svakodnevno utiče na živote miliona ljudi širom planete i prouzrokuje narušavanja njihovog fizičkog i psihičkog zdravlja, a njegove najteže forme neretko dovode do gubitka ljudskih života. Ovaj rad imao je za cilj da ukaže na važnost profilisanja nasilnika u kontekstu ranih znakova za detekciju asocijalnih ponašanja i preventivnog delovanja još u adolescentskoj dobi. To je zapravo novi način reakcije da se nasilјe učini vidlјivim, pre nego što se desi i da se ospore zastareli pristupi interventnih programa nakon njegove manifestacije. Primenjene su metode: kvantitativne i kvalitativne analize sadržaja, komparativne analize (reakcija na nasilje) i deskriptivne i analitičke statistike. Sadržaj je osmišljen da se bolјe razume uticaj hronične izloženosti, posebno dece i žena nasilјu u društvenom okruženju. Sveobuhvatni cilј je da se identifikuju fleksibilni faktori rizika, a ujedno i zaštitni faktori, koji mogu biti planirani u preventivnim i interventnim strategijama, u težnji ka delotvornom odgovoru zajednice.

Although the first true criminal psychological profile was created less than 70 years ago, and the first unit whose task was to help solve challenging and complicated crimes by analyzing psychological aspects was created about 50 years ago, today we cannot imagine the work of any law enforcement service without the significant contribution of psychological profilers. On the other hand, the number and type of security threats have grown exponentially in the same period, and although it is not possible to react to one part of those threats on time and prevent them, for the other part of those threats there is enough space and time that by engaging profilers, and in certain crisis situations, such as hostage crises, be it terrorist attacks, bank robberies, or other situations in which the perpetrators of such acts take hostages, by engaging a specific subtype of profilers – the negotiators, increase the chances for a peaceful resolution of the crisis situation and prevention of loss of human lives, which is of paramount interest in humane societies. The aim of this paper is to investigate the role of profiler-negotiator in crisis situations with a criminal background, using a hypothetical-deductive model and methods of analysis of primary and secondary sources, as well as qualitative, quantitative, comparative analysis, with the starting hypothesis that using techniques and methods of psychological profiling and negotiations in crisis situations with a criminal basis and background, the probability of a positive outcome, peaceful resolution of the crisis situation and damage control drastically increases

U ovom radu diskutujemo uticaj najnovijih tehnologija, prvenstveno veštačke inteligencije (AI) na šire društveno i prirodno okruženje, kao i na individualne živote ljudi u sve većem rasponu konteksta. Govorimo o AI kao kompleksnim ekosistemima napravljenim od prirodnih resursa, energije, infrastrukture, ljudskog rada, logistike, istorije, podataka i mnoštva klasifikacija. Uprkos tome što za sada AI nije ni veštačka a ni toliko inteligentna kao što se to predstavlja široj javnosti, postoji jaka težnja za njenom univerzalizacijom i apsolutizacijom. U ovom radu posebno smo diskutovali mogućnost primene AI u svrhu prepoznavanja emocija i nasilničkog mentaliteta u cilju prevencije nasilničkog ponašanja. To je zahtevalo analizu prakse prikupljanja podataka i njihovog klasifikovanja u fiksne kategorije kako bi se postigli "pouzdani" izlazi pretrage za različite potrebe. Profil nasilničke ličnosti je određen kako socijalno-relacionim tako i biološko-psihološkim karakteristikama, što predstavlja veliki broj varijabli koje treba uzeti u obzir prilikom konstruisanja algoritma za prepoznavanje emocija i nasilničke ličnosti. Naš zaključak je da sa trenutnim stepenom razvoja AI i veoma svedenim i diskretnim algoritmima nije moguće uzeti u obzir toliko podataka da bi se dobio pouzdan izlaz za predviđanje ponašanja kao i preduzimanje eventualnih mera, a da nisu diskriminatorne i opasne po pojedince i društvo u celini. Ali s obzirom na neverovatno brz tehnološki razvoj, naročito u oblasti kvantnog računarstva, pred ovom oblasti stoji veoma dinamična budućnost.